Denmarks largest offshore wind farm approved

Rune Birk Nielsen (2008-08-26)

Denmark's largest offshore wind turbine park will be placed in the Kattegat strait. Parliament approved the construction of Denmark's largest offshore wind turbine park on Tuesday. The wind farm will be placed in the Kattegat strait of the North Sea.

The turbines will be capable of producing 400 megawatts of energy, which can power 400,000 homes for a year, according to the Climate and Energy Ministry.

There will be between 100 and 175 wind turbines placed in the northern Jutland waters, depending on their size.

'I'm very happy all parties supported the energy agreement and the location of the wind turbines. It's important that a broad majority support energy policies, because there's no doubt that this is an enormous task for Denmark,' said Connie Hedegaard, the climate minister.  

Jakob Lau Holst, the acting director of the Danish Wind Industry Association (DWIA), said the new construction will help Denmark in its bid to reach the European Commission's goal of generating 30 percent of its energy from renewables by 2020.

 'At the same time it's also important we don't rest on our laurels. We need to continuously build at sea and on land over the coming years to reach the goal and to send an international message that we are serious about reducing our greenhouse gas emissions,' said Holst. 

According to the latest figures from the Wind Industry Association, Denmark has 5267 turbines, of which nearly 70 percent are located on Jutland. In 2006, offshore wind farms produced 22 percent of Danish wind energy.

 US Wind Markets Surge to New Heights 

Cambridge, Massachusetts, 14 August 2008 – On the back of three years of consistent growth, the US wind market is poised for a record-breaking surge with cumulative installed wind capacity to surpass 150 gigawatts (GW) by 2020, according to a recent market study from Emerging Energy Research, a leading research and advisory firm analyzing clean and renewable energy markets on a global basis.

With 5,329 MW of new wind capacity installed in 2007, the wind power market was responsible for installing more than 27% of newly added global wind capacity this past year, securing the ' position as the largest wind growth market by annual installations for the third straight year.  2008 is poised to set another record for annual installations in the , with over 8 GW of wind projects currently under construction scheduled for operation by year's end, according to EER.

"Wind is becoming increasingly competitive with conventional fossil fuel power generation options such as natural gas and coal. Given the substantial volatility of fossil fuel capital and operating costs in the past several years, wind is now one of the least-cost power generation options available to utilities seeking new capacity," says EER Research Director Joshua Magee.

More than half of US states have enacted Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS') to date, creating demand for up to 295 terawatt-hours (TWh) of renewable energy supply by 2020. In addition, the federal Production Tax Credit (PTC) remains crucial to the wind project revenue stream, with looming uncertainty regarding the incentive's current expiration at the end of 2008. 

Texas continues to serve as the hub of US wind project development activity, with over 45 GW of wind projects under development in the state. However, future growth in top wind regions such as the Southwest, Midwest, West and Pacific Northwest hinges on the completion of numerous proposed transmission projects, according to EER. "Major transmission expansion investments on both the intra- and inter-state levels will be crucial to sustaining long-term build-out of the US market," according to Magee. 

Exhibit: US Wind Project Pipeline by State (as of May 2008)  

 

  

Source: Emerging Energy Research 

US utilities move into wind development and ownership 
 

Between 2000 and 2007, annual utility-owned wind installations grew from just under 4 MW added in 2000 to more than 820 MW added in 2007, representing approximately 16% of the cumulative installed wind market as of Q1 2008, according to EER.
 

As competition heats up, US wind independent power producers (IPPs) will need to evolve their business strategies to compete with regulated utilities such as MidAmerican, Xcel, and Alliant which are dominant in their respective territories, according to Magee. 
 

Exhibit: Top 10 Utilities by Wind Asset Ownership through Year-End 2007  

Source: Emerging Energy Research 
 

US wind turbine supply chain growing to meet surging demand 
 

Substantial investment in greater wind turbine supply chain capacity will be key to wind turbine operation equipment manufacturers' ability meet the level of wind growth anticipated in 2008 and beyond. Recent large-scale investments in third-party wind turbine blade and tower supply has created a wind turbine manufacturing "corridor" spanning from North Dakota to Texas and from eastern Colorado to Illinois, according to EER. 
 

EER expects that the wind turbine sales market will climb from an estimated US $12 billion in 2008 to nearly US $16 billion by 2015. With such a substantial level of revenue up for grabs, greater industry participation is guaranteed across the wind turbine value chain from major financial institutions, power and infrastructure manufacturers, and utilities and power producers. 
 

ABOUT THE STUDY: US WIND POWER MARKETS AND STRATEGIES 2008-2020 
 

Wind Power Markets and Strategies 2008-2020 provides over 310 pages of market intelligence and competitive analysis of US wind power markets. Study features include: state by state analysis, market environment rankings, competitive analysis of utilities, IPPs and developers, as well as wind turbine manufacturer and component supplier analysis. Follow this link for the study's Table of Contents and List of Exhibits. For more information please contact Stephanie Aldock at 617-551-8483 or eermedia@emerging-energy.com

REC  選擇魁北克來進行未來PolySilicon原料擴廠 
2008-08-26 02:35 

REC 今天已決定在加拿大 Becancour 建立其下一個多晶矽原料生產拓展項目，同時還與 Hydro Quebec 和 Societe du Parc industriel et portuaire de Becancour（簡稱 SPIB）分別簽署了協議。這些協議概述了開發新生產基地的相關條款和條件以及其它商業條件。  

REC 總裁兼首席執行官 Erik Thorsen 表示：「這個地區的開發將使我們能夠以最具成本效益的方式繼續拓展我們的硅業務，並因此為 REC 進一步發展下游業務提供支持，同時也為我們達成遠大的長期成本目標提供支持。」 

在結束長達17個月的復雜流程後，Becancour 最終勝出。這些流程包括：首先對16個國家的100多個候選地區進行篩選，然後對其中近40個地區進行盡職調查，最終對少數地區進行協商討論。 

由於多晶矽生產與能源密集度相關，因此 Becancour 入選的一個重要原因還在於該地區依據長期可預測定價可以獲得穩定的電力供應。此外，REC 還致力於降低太陽能電池和電板在生產過程中對環境的影響，並因此更青睞於基於（基於無碳）可再生能源的電力供應(水力)。 

REC 打算在打造未來產能時使用最新的技術，包括更加先進的低成本、專利多晶矽沉積技術（基於流化床反應器）。新工廠的預備工程將在未來6個月中完成，隨後會確定最終投資的規模。目前的計划要求對該地區進行分階段開發，有可能將建成四個與目前正在美國華盛頓州磨塞斯萊克處於建設階段的工廠規模相當的生產部門。總產能將根據客戶協議和市場狀況上線。預計建築工作將於2010年開始，並於2012年實現一期產能。 

REC Silicon 執行副總裁 Goran Bye 表示：「我們很高興把 Becancour 作為未來硅材料拓展的首選地。我們期望 REC 和魁北克人民能夠保持長期專注的合作關系。在選址和協商的過程中，魁北克省政府、特別是魁北克省投資署 (Investissement Quebec) 表現出了歡迎和鼓勵的姿態。我們還發現這個地區的勞動力和互補產業具有巨大潛力。」 

Sandvika, : REC Selects Quebec for Future Silicon Expansions

Renewable Energy Corporation ASA (REC) has selected Bécancour, Quebec as the site of choice for the next phase of silicon materials expansions. The site will be developed in stages and could potentially hold four production units similar in size of the factory currently under completion in Moses Lake, Washington, USA. REC has today decided to establish its next silicon materials manufacturing expansion in Bécancour, Canada and has simultaneously signed agreements with Hydro Quebec, and Société du Parc industriel et portuaire de Bécancour. The agreements outline both the terms and conditions related to the development of a new production site and other commercial conditions.  

"The development of this site will enable us to continue expansion of our silicon business in the most cost efficient manner and will consequently support REC's further growth downstream as well as our ambitious long-term cost target", says Erik Thorsen, President & CEO of REC. 

The decision on Bécancour was made after a comprehensive 17 months' process involving screening of more than 100 possible locations in 16 countries, followed by due diligence of close to 40 of them and finally negotiations with a few sites. 

As the production of polysilicon is relatively energy intensive, one important reason for selecting Bécancour has been access to stable electricity supply based on long-term, predictable pricing. Additionally, REC is committed to limit the environmental impact of producing solar cells and panels, and therefore prefers electricity supply based on (non-carbon based) renewable energy sources. 

As part of the arrangement with the Government of Quebec, REC will have a long term power contract with Hydro Quebec at a competitive industrial rate. The 20 year power contract will provide REC with long-term, clean, renewable power at a predictable cost in addition to other benefits offered by the world-class Société du Parc industriel et portuaire de Bécancour (SPIB). The agreement further assumes that total investments at the SPIB will exceed USD 1.2 billion and that the total number of employees will exceed 300 people. 

REC intends to build future production capacities leveraging its latest technology including more advanced versions of the low cost, proprietary polycrystalline silicon deposition process based on fluidized bed reactors. Pre-engineering for the new plant will be concluded within the next six months, after which the decision on the definite size of the investment will be made. Current plans call for the site to be developed in several stages with total potential of four production units similar in size of the factory currently under completion in Moses Lake, Washington, USA. Total capacity will be brought on line in accordance with customer agreements and market conditions. Construction is anticipated to start in 2010 with Phase I production capacity available in 2012.

"We are pleased to select Bécancour as the preferred site for future silicon materials expansions. We look forward to a long and industrious relationship between REC and the people of Quebec . During the site selection and negotiation process, the Government of Quebec, particularly Investissement Quebec , has proven to be welcoming and encouraging. We also see great potential in the workforce and complimentary industries in the area", says EVP Silicon, Gøran Bye.

2008/7/11

瑞士成為第一個將小風電納入再生能源發電補助(Feed-in-Tarrif)的國家

Swiss Adopt Aggressive Feed Law for Renewable Energy

New law makes the first nation with a specific tariff for small wind turbines.

by Paul Gipe, Contributing Writer   Bern, [RenewableEnergyWorld.com] 

In a surprising move, has adopted one of the world's most aggressive systems of Advanced Renewable Tariffs.

The Swiss, famed for conservative traditions, stodgy bankers and trains that run on time, have joined a growing list of countries using feed-in tariffs to promote the rapid development of renewable energy.

Not content to start with a timid program incrementally raising the bar year by year, the Swiss federal government this spring launched a full-system of feed-in tariffs differentiated by technology, size and application. There are tariffs, or payments per kilowatt-hour (kWh), for solar photovoltaics, wind, hydro, geothermal and biomass.

The Swiss system, like those in , and , pays a renewable energy generator for every kWh of electricity generated. The payments are made for periods of 20 to 25 years, depending upon the technology.

The new Swiss tariffs, among the highest in the world, are the first to include a specific tariff for small wind turbines — those under 10 kW — of 0.20 SWF/kWh (US $0.20/kWh) for 20 years.

The states of Michigan, Illinois, Rhode Island and Minnesota have proposed similar tariffs for small wind turbines, US $0.25/kWh, but none of the proposals have yet become law.

Tariffs for large wind turbines use the German system of tariff differentiation by resource intensity. Because of the rugged Swiss terrain, the program's designers needed to provide tariffs for wind energy that would enable profitable operation in deep valleys as well as on windy mountaintops, while at the same time protecting ratepayers from unnecessary costs.

In the Swiss system, every wind turbine is paid the same price for its electricity during the first five years. After that, production is averaged. The average is then compared with a reference site defined in the law. Depending upon the wind resource, the premium payment of 0.20 SWF/kWh is extended beyond the first five years. After the premium period, the tariff falls to 0.17 SWF/kWh (US $0.17/kWh) for the remainder of the 20-year contract. For the reference site, the premium payment of 0.20 SWF/kWh (US $0.20/kWh) is extended for the full 20-year period.

The wind tariffs are among the highest in the world, but less than those requested by Suisse Eole. The trade association calculated that with Swiss terrain, and the high cost of wind turbines, 0.28 SWF/kWh (US $0.28/kWh) would be necessary for the first five years, and 0.20 SWF/kWh for the post-premium period.

The tariffs for solar PV put on a par with and , though the contract period of 25 years is the longest outside . For rooftop systems of less than 10 kW in size, the tariffs are 0.75 SWF/kWh. For building integrated solar PV, the tariffs rival those in neighboring . For building-integrated systems of less than 10 kW in size, the tariffs are 0.90 SWF/kWh (US $0.88/kWh).

Currently there are 29 megawatts (MW) of solar PV in the country; 7 MW were installed in 2007.

The Swiss, ever meticulous, avoided disrupting the solar industry while the new law was under lengthy discussions, by grandfathering solar PV installations installed from 2006 through the law's introduction in April 2008.

Geothermal plants of less than 5 MW in size will receive 0.30 SWF/kWh (US $0.30/kWh) for 20 years.

Funds to pay for the tariffs will come from a systems benefits charge of 0.006 SWF/kWh on all electricity consumption, says Reto Rigassi of Suisse Eole, the Swiss wind energy association. This is equivalent to 320 million SWF, or about US $310 million, at current exchange rates.

While there is no MW cap on the program, there is a cap on the portion contributed by each technology to the total program. Hydro generation is capped at 50% of the fund, and wind at 30%. However, the wind association's Rigassi explains that the entire program is capped at 150% of the funds collected.

Most controversial are the limits placed on solar photovoltaics (PV). Solar PV is capped at 5% of the fund. Swissolar, the Swiss solar trade association, has called on the government to lift the cap, arguing that solar PV could ultimately meet one-third of Swiss electricity supply.

There are currently 1,000 people employed in the Swiss solar industry, and Bank Sarasin suggests that the number could increase if developed its home market with more aggressive policies.

The program will be reviewed every five years. The first review may be within three years.

As elsewhere, special provisions are made for data collection from the private generators who participate in the program. The law specifically states that generators must provide data on generation upon the government's request.

Swiss parliamentarians have been debating a modern renewable energy policy for several years. The country's renewable energy advocates have watched in frustration as renewable energy boomed in to the north, to the west, and to the south. Now, with one of the world's most progressive systems of Advanced Renewable Tariffs, the Swiss are in the game.

August 22, 2008

Blaubeuren, : Centrotherm Photovoltaics Acquires Solar Silicon Specialist SolMic

Centrotherm photovoltaics AG, Blaubeuren, is consistently pursuing its strategy of integrating key equipment and technology into the Group. The aim is to further expand technology leadership along the solar value-creation chain. The Management Board, with the agreement of the Supervisory Board, has today signed an agreement relating to the complete takeover of SolMic GmbH, Burghausen.

SolMic is a specialist for technology and engineering services revolving around design and process optimization for the production of polysilicon, ingot and wafers. The complete acquisition of this important company for its solar silicon division allows centrotherm photovoltaics to combine technology and plant engineering. It allows the company to completely combine its expertise for fully integrated factories under one roof.

Centrotherm photovoltaics already held a 50% equity share of SolMic via its subsidiary GP Solar GmbH. Managing director Dr. Albrecht Mozer held the remaining shares. SolMic, with a workforce of 30 employees, generated total output of EUR 10 million in the first half of 2008. The company achieved total output of around EUR 13.1 million in 2007 financial year. Confidentiality was agreed concerning the purchase price, which consists of equity and cash components. Dr. Albrecht Mozer (56) was CTO of a renowned, German manufacturer of polysilicon, ingot and wafers, before founding SolMic.

The complete acquisition of SolMic also allows centrotherm photovoltaics to raise its direct stake in the former centrotherm SiQ GmbH joint-venture from 80.5 percent to 100 percent. centrotherm photovoltaics procures key equipment for the manufacturing of solar silicon, particularly Siemens reactors and converters, as well as vent gas recovery plants, via centrotherm SiQ. centrotherm SiQ has also reported highly successful business performance: centrotherm SiQ, with a workforce of around 30 employees, generated total output of EUR 5.9 million as of June 30, 2008. Total output was EUR 0.8 million in 2007.

The next step envisages merging both subsidiaries in order to simplify structures. Dr. Albrecht Mozer will manage the merged company, and will be responsible for all centrotherm photovoltaics' activities in the solar silicon area in the future.

As part of the consistent pursuit of its strategy of integrating key equipment and technology into the company, the management and supervisory boards of centrotherm photovoltaics are currently examining the option of integrating sister company Thermal Solutions GmbH & Co. KG into the Group by way of an increase in non-cash capital. Thermal Solutions GmbH & Co. KG is a leading producer of manufacturing plant for the photovoltaics and semiconductor industries, and centrotherm photovoltaics' largest supplier.

公告日期：2008/6/5

行政院「永續能源政策綱領｣

一、政策目標-「能源、環保與經濟」三贏

永續能源發展應兼顧「能源安全」、「經濟發展」與「環境保護」，以滿足未來世代發展的需要。台灣自然資源不足，環境承載有限，永續能源政策應將有限資源作有「效率」的使用，開發對環境友善的「潔淨」能源，與確保持續「穩定」的能源供應，以創造跨世代能源、環保與經濟三贏願景。

(一)提高能源效率：

未來8年每年提高能源效率2％以上，使能源密集度於2015年較2005年下降20%以上；並藉由技術突破及配套措施，2025年下降50%以上。

Q: 經濟部能源局為業務列管單位, 請拿出過去數據及未來如何提高能源效率2%之施政措失.

(二)發展潔淨能源：

1.全國二氧化碳排放減量，於2016年至2020年間回到2008年排放量，於2025年回到2000年排放量。

Q: 那一部會是業務單位, 恐怕劉揆還不知道, 我不相關信環保署沈世宏敢承諾此二目標. 如果民進黨要在2012年拿出回政權, 是不是也該對此目標產生質疑, 以免到時概括無法承受.

2.發電系統中低碳能源占比由40%增加至2025年的55%以上。

Q: 是不是用核電、天然氣發電廠、和風力發電來達成此目標?

(三)確保能源供應穩定：

建立滿足未來4年經濟成長6%及2015年每人年均所得達3萬美元經濟發展目標的能源安全供應系統。

Q: 是不是用核電、天然氣發電廠、和風力發電來達成此目標?

二、政策原則-「二高二低」

永續能源政策的基本原則將建構「高效率」、「高價值」、「低排放」及「低依賴」二高二低的能源消費型態與能源供應系統：

(一)「高效率」：提高能源使用與生產效率。

(二)「高價值」：增加能源利用的附加價值。

(三)「低排放」：追求低碳與低污染能源供給與消費方式。

(四)「低依賴」：降低對化石能源與進口能源的依存度。

三、政策綱領-「淨源節流」

永續能源政策的推動綱領，將由能源供應面的「淨源」與能源需求面的「節流」做起。

(一)在「淨源」方面，推動能源結構改造與效率提升：

1. 積極發展無碳再生能源，有效運用再生能源開發潛力，於2025年占發電系統的8%以上。

Q: 2025達8%實在是不夠積極, 我認為當太陽能及風力產業達兆元產業時(約2013~2014年), 我們的再生能源占發電系統應在8%以上(非裝置容量), 在2020達12%以上, 我們目前大力投入的再生能力源製造業的才有意義.

2. 增加低碳天然氣使用，於2025年占發電系統的25%以上。

3. 促進能源多元化，將核能作為無碳能源的選項。

4. 加速電廠的汰舊換新，訂定電廠整體效率提升計畫，並要求新電廠達全球最佳可行發電轉換效率水準。

Q: 請問台電舊電廠有此計畫嗎?

5. 透過國際共同研發，引進淨煤技術及發展碳捕捉與封存，降低發電系統的碳排放。

Q: 請問台電五年內預增設的火力發電廠有此計畫嗎?

6. 促使能源價格合理化，短期能源價格反映內部成本，中長期以漸進方式合理反映外部成本。

(二)在「節流」方面，推動各部門的實質節能減碳措施：

1.產業部門：

(1) 促使產業結構朝高附加價值及低耗能方向調整，使單位產值碳排放密集度於2025年下降30%以上。

Q: 請問工業局及科學園區有減碳之配額計畫嗎?

(2) 核配企業碳排放額度，賦予減碳責任，促使企業加強推動節能減碳產銷系統。

(3) 輔導中小企業提高節能減碳能力，建立誘因措施及管理機制，鼓勵清潔生產應用。

(4) 獎勵推廣節能減碳及再生能源等綠色能源產業，創造新的能源經濟。

2.運輸部門：

(1) 建構便捷大眾運輸網，紓緩汽機車使用與成長。

(2) 建構「智慧型運輸系統」，提供即時交通資訊，強化交通管理功能。

(3) 建立人本導向，綠色運具為主之都市交通環境。

(4) 提升私人運具新車效率水準，於2015年提高25%。

3.住商部門：

(1) 強化都市整體規劃，推動都市綠化造林，建構低碳城市。

(2) 推動「低碳節能綠建築」，全面推行新建建築物之外殼與空調系統節能設計與管理。

(3) 提升各類用電器具能源效率，於2011年提高10%~70%，2015年再進一步提高標準，並推廣高效率產品。

(4) 推動節能照明革命，推廣各類傳統照明器具汰換為省能20~90%之高效率產品。

4.政府部門：

(1) 推動政府機關學校未來一年用電用油負成長，並以2015年累計節約7%為目標。

(2) 政策規劃應具有「碳中和(Carbon Neutral)」概念，以預防、預警和篩選原則進行碳管理。

5.社會大眾：

(1) 推動全民節能減碳運動，宣導全民朝「一人一天減少一公斤碳足跡」努力。

(2) 從中央、地方政府到鄉鎮村里，自機關學校到企業及民間團體，發揮組織動員能量，推動無碳消費習慣，建構低碳及循環型社會。

(三)建構完整的法規基礎與相關機制：

1.法規基礎：

(1)推動「溫室氣體減量法」完成立法，建構溫室氣體減量能力並進行實質減量；

Q: 這會期若「再生能源發展條例」及「溫室氣體減量法」沒過, 就是劉揆無能

(3)研擬「能源稅條例」並推動立法，反應能源外部成本；

(4)修正「能源管理法」，有效推動節能措施。

2.配套機制：

(1) 建立公平、效率及開放的能源市場，促使能源市場逐步自由化，消除市場進入障礙，提供更優質的能源服務。

(2) 規劃碳權交易及設置減碳基金，輔導產業以「造林植草」或其他減碳節能方案取得減量額度；推動參與國際減碳機制，透過國際合作加強我國減量能量。

(3) 能源相關研究經費4 年內由每年50 億元倍增至100 億元，提升科技研發能量。

Q: 龐大預算的管理是否有專門編制, 還是像以前能源局管20幾億, 經濟部技術處及工業局管幾億, 中小企業約零補助, 其實能源研究有些是從中小企業起, 中小企業處應扮演更重要的推手腳色, 但是要先拿到預算權.

(4) 紮根節能減碳環境教育，推動全民教育宣導及永續綠校園。

Note: 中小學校園太陽能發電應該補助3/4(目前補助1/2, 與民間相同)

四、後續推動

(一)各部門依據本綱領項目，擬定具體行動計畫，並訂定各工作項目量化目標據以推動。

Q:  環保署管控嗎?

(二)各部門行動計畫，應訂定部門節能減碳績效額度，以達成全國二氧化碳排放減量目標。

Q:  環保署管控嗎?

(三)訂定追蹤管考機制，定期檢討執行成果與做法，以實現整體節能減碳目標。

Q:  環保署管控嗎?

DOE Wants Zero-Net Energy Commercial Buildings Available by 2025

California, [RenewableEnergyWorld.com] 2008/8/18

        Last week, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency David Rodgers announced the launch of a new Zero-Net Energy Commercial Building Initiative (CBI) with establishment of the National Laboratory Collaborative on Building Technologies (NLCBT).

         These two efforts both focus on the DOE's efforts to develop marketable Zero-Net Energy Commercial Buildings that use advanced efficiency technologies and on-site renewable energy generation to offset their energy use from the electricity grid by 2025.

         The announcement was made at the California Clean Tech Open, a competition that supports innovative and sustainable new businesses that focus on energy efficiency, smart power, renewable energy, transportation, green building technologies, pollution control and resource management and is sponsored by five national labs: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois, National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Colorado and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington State.

         "DOE's Commercial Building Initiative and the Collaborative are urgently needed to accelerate innovation and market adoption in the field of high performance buildings," Rodgers said. "Now we are bringing to bear the unprecedented collaboration in scientific resources of five National Laboratories to bring about the needed transformation of the built environment, lower our carbon footprint in buildings and accelerate commercial deployment of clean, efficient building technologies."

         In 2005, commercial buildings used 18 percent of energy in the and accounted for 18 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. The Zero-Net Energy CBI plans to make new commercial buildings capable of generating as much energy as they consume available by 2025. Energy generation will be achieved through advanced energy efficiency technologies and on-site renewable energy generation systems, such as solar power and geothermal energy.

         This new NLCBT will enable the labs and DOE to work closer on research, validation and commercialization priorities critical to the success of zero-net energy buildings.

NREL, in its capacity as a DOE-sponsored national laboratory, is providing US $100,000 to the California Clean Tech Open on behalf of the DOE/ NLCBT to facilitate initiation and development of a green buildings award category under the competition.

The High-Performance Green Building activities laid out in EISA 2007 represent an extension of DOE's existing accomplishments in building research, development and deployment — including partnerships with American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers; Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, U.S. Green Building Council; and the American Institute of Architects to develop Advanced Energy Design Guides for 30 percent Energy Savings, more than 110,000 copies of which have been distributed through DOE's partners.

1.日  期：2008年8月30日(星期六)

2.遊行出發時間：下午 3點  

3.遊行集合地點：  

◎東區：台北市忠孝東路頂好商場

◎西區：台北市龍山寺前廣場

4.遊行路線：

◎東區：頂好商場→忠孝東路四段/三段/二段→林森南路 
     →青島東路→中山南路→凱達格蘭大道

◎西區：龍山寺→廣州街→南寧路→中華路二段/一段→
漢口街→重慶南路一段→襄陽路→公園路→常德街
→中山南路→凱達格蘭大道

5.遊行終點：凱達格蘭大道  

6.群眾大會舉行地點：凱達格蘭大道

7.群眾大會時間：下午4：30開始

 "Is More Than Ready"   深入淺出介紹再生能源 美國VVH-TV電視台

Part I:
地熱: Hot Dry Rock Geothermal(深層地熱), 與淺層地熱
Thin Film PV
氫能(+PV)
溫視效應
http://tw.youtube.com/watch?v=1Iug28mWSlY&feature=related

Part II
風力發電: 陸上及海上; 海上潛能達900GW, 和目前全美之電力需求相當
屋頂太陽能熱水器之回收: 5~6年
屋頂太陽能發電之回收: 10~20年
房屋節能設計
電動車
http://tw.youtube.com/watch?v=Xw0qLzaqmos&feature=related

Gore urges total shift to renewable energy to avert disaster

Jul 17, 2008

WASHINGTON (AFP) — Nobel laureate and former vice president Al Gore echoed president John F. Kennedy on Thursday as he urged Americans to shoot for the moon and make a total shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy in 10 years.

 

 

 

"I challenge our nation to commit to producing 100 percent of our electricity from renewable energy and truly clean carbon-free sources within 10 years," Gore told thousands of people who packed into a conference hall near the White House to hear the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize winner speak.

"When president John F. Kennedy challenged our nation to land a man on the moon and bring him back safely in 10 years, many people doubted we could accomplish that goal," Gore said.  

"But eight years and two months later, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walked on the surface of the moon," Gore told the crowd, eliciting a huge cheer.  

Just as Kennedy, in 1961, urged Americans to "take a clearly leading role in space achievement, which in many ways may hold the key to our future on earth", Gore said the shift to new energy sources was needed to ensure "the survival of the United States of America as we know it."  

"Even more, the future of human civilization is at risk," he told the crowd.

Nay-sayers would say the shift to renewable energy could not be achieved, or that 10 years was not enough time to make the transition.  

But Gore dismissed them as having "a vested interest in perpetuating the current system no matter how high a price the rest of us will have to pay," and again citing the history-making speech in which Kennedy called on Americans to enter the space race and put a man on the moon.  

"Once again, we have an opportunity to take a giant leap for humankind," Gore said, echoing the words spoken by Armstrong when he became the first man to set foot on the moon on July 20, 1969.

The chief obstacle to achieving 100 percent renewable energy in 10 years was a dysfunctional political system that panders to special interests, said Gore, who served as vice president for two terms in the 1990s under Democratic president Bill Clinton.  

"In recent years, our politics has tended toward incremental proposals made up of small policies designed to avoid offending special interests ..." Gore told the rally organized by environmental activist group wecansolveit.org.  

Scientists and researchers applauded Gore's leadership and urged Americans to heed his call to rapidly move over to renewable energy sources.  

"Responding to climate change requires the full engagement of national, state and local public officials, business executives, religious and community leaders, and every citizen," said Alden Hayden of the Union of Concerned Scientists.  

"By uniting in this common purpose and mobilizing 's ingenuity and can-do spirit, we can rise to this challenge. We can revitalize our economy, increase our energy security, and do our part to cut global warming pollution, all at the same time," he said.  

Going over to renewable energy would "cure our carbon addiction and stimulate the economy. It would be the turning point that is needed to lead the world to a stable climate," said James Hansen, director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies.  

And Jonathan Lash, head of the environmental think-tank, the World Resources Institute, said: " has led every major technological shift in the last 100 years, and we can lead the next one as well.

"The problem is not technology, it is political will," he said.  

Gore, who narrowly lost the 2000 presidential election to President George W. Bush, was awarded the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize jointly with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a UN body of 3,000 scientists, for work on global warming.  

To a rousing cheer and standing ovation, Gore, who jokingly calls himself the man who used to be the next president of the , called on Americans to take concrete steps to halt climate change.  

Americans need to change "not just light bulbs, but laws," he said. 

全台首座光電社區 月省電千元 
吳敏菁／彰化報導   2008.08.16　 中國時報 
　

 彰化縣和美鎮「頭等艙」社區15戶住戶的樓頂裝設太陽能光電板，是台灣第一座太陽光電社區。（吳敏菁攝）

      不怕電費漲、不怕日頭炎，和美鎮新建社區「頭等艙」十五戶樓頂架設太陽光電板，發電與台電併聯，平均每戶一天生產十度電，成為台灣第一座陽光社區。工研院也設立監測站，記錄發電實況，住戶搬進去發現頂著太陽就可以扣抵用電量，開心的說「賺到了！」
     經濟部能源局去年底開始推動「陽光社區建構補助作業實施計畫」，民間建築響應裝設光電板，能源局補助一半經費，和美「頭等艙」是第一個建造完成的陽光社區。  

    裝太陽光電板 發電與台電併聯
     建商林金在表示，他向來認同環保理念，十年前就推動買屋送太陽能熱水器。去年得知政府補助建構「陽光社區」，當下決定替正在興建中的「頭等艙」灑下第一道陽光；社區總共卅來戶，先在朝南的店面型十五戶住宅頂樓安裝。  
     林金在從日本進口光電板，再請水電廠商施作，每戶十二片(每片175W)成本六十三萬元，經濟部補助一半，總設置發電容量卅一．五瓩，除發電和台電併聯，工研院太陽光電科技中心，也在當地成立監測站，透過連線接上電腦螢幕，顯示發電數據。累計四月到六月發電量，達到一二七六度，每戶每月平均生產二二八度。     　

    可扣抵用電量 住戶大呼賺到了
     目前已有零星住戶搬進去住了，縣府協助和台電辦理簽約，住戶發現頂樓的發電度數可扣抵用電量，算一算平均每個月可省下近千元電費，都很滿意。
     經濟部能源局局長葉惠青日前也帶領能源局同仁訪視觀摩，彰化縣政府建設處公用事業科長陳文慶表示，未來《再生能源法》通過，每度電以十元收購，能達到多贏的局面。建商也指出，裝設光電板成本高昂，縣市政府如果能配合訂定容積獎勵等，各單位積極合作，未來就不需要再增建核能電廠了。

柯林頓基金斥資50億美元於印度打造全球最大太陽能電廠5000MW      年產能50億瓦　茂迪、昱晶、新日光可望沾光

 2008/08/15 - 太陽能 - 黃女瑛／台北 DigiTimes

   根據Business Standard報導，美國前總統柯林頓(Clinton)投入的柯林頓基金(Clinton Foundation)報告指出，柯林頓基金正與印度西部Gujarat州州政府洽談，投入50億美元建造1個年產50億瓦(5000MW)全球最大的太陽能發電廠；台系太陽能電池廠中包括茂迪、昱晶及新日光紛別打入印度前3大模組廠通路，預估這波最大電廠商機將可透過通路供應使這將3家廠沾光。

   據了解，由美國前總統柯林頓所建立的柯林頓基金會計劃投資50億美元，在印度西部Gujarat州建造一個「整合型太陽能城」，預估年產50億瓦電力為目前規模最大的太陽能發電廠，該廠除了發電外也將生產部分太陽能發電系統關鍵性原料。由於規模龐大，大量購入耗材，當地官員期待，發電成本可望從每度25分美元降至每度10分美元。 
   柯林頓基金協同微軟(Microsoft)及通用電氣(GE)旗下的GE Energy，以120億美元資助「倡導綠色能源」機制，柯林頓基金同時和南印度的Andhra Pradesh和印度西北Rajasthan的州政府官員商談建立太陽能發電計畫。柯林頓基金可以說在印度布了「黃金鐵三角」太陽能發電廠，利用太陽光將電散布到整個印度，為仍有7,800萬戶無電可用的印度居民帶來福利。 

就台系太陽能業者中，目前打入印度市場的有茂迪、昱晶及新日光，分別供應太陽能電池給印度前3大太陽能模組廠，預估這3家廠有機會率先搶得全球最大太陽能電廠的商機。 
    其中，5月茂迪董事長左元淮與印度第3大模組廠Solar Semiconductor簽定策略聯盟，茂迪將供應120百萬瓦(MWp)太陽能電池、總值達新台幣108億元，相當於茂迪2007年3分之2營收，此外，Solar Semiconductor亦可望支援矽晶圓給茂迪，算是目前取得印度最大且最優惠訂單的業者。另外，新日光及昱晶各取得印度前2大Tata BT、Titan訂單，年訂單規模約10MWp。 
    印度太陽能商機的蓬勃興起，2008年起當地政府補助發電量80%，補助長達10年，已為太陽光電產業創造相當龐大的商機，14日公布財報的太陽能龍頭廠德國Q-Cells宣布調高財測，因其營業獲利季增35%，表示主要就是受到印度及北美地區業績亮麗所賜，無獨有偶，大陸太陽能矽晶圓龍頭廠江西賽維14日也公布與印度XL Telecom & Energy Limited簽定5年期太陽能矽晶圓供應合約。

加州添2座超大太陽能電廠  2008-08-16

 工商時報 【 蕭麗 君／路透社報導】

     　紐約時報週五報導，太陽能電池公司OptiSolar與Sunpower將在加州各自設立一座太陽能電廠，預估這兩座廠產出電能，將比今日最大太陽能電廠的電能多逾12倍，這也突顯太陽能源已經開始達到一定的重要規模。  

    　這家才剛起步生產薄膜太陽能電池的公司OptiSolar，將在加州San Luis Obispo郡設立一座可生產550百萬瓦特的太陽能廠，至於從事矽晶技術的SunPower也在該郡不同地點興建250百萬瓦特的設施。  

    　這兩座設在加州中部的太陽能廠，預估在晴天共可生產約800百萬瓦特，大致等於一座大型燃煤電廠或小型核電廠。1百萬瓦特電力足可營運一家大型的沃爾瑪商店。  

    　他們生產的電力將出售給太平洋煤電公司(Pacific Gas & Electric)，以符合加州政府要求其總電力必須有20％來自再生能源的要求。

     　該電力公司表示他們預估使用太陽光電技術的這兩座新太陽能廠，將能與其他再生能源來源，包括風力發電機與太陽熱能發電廠相互競爭。  

    　太平洋煤電公司發言人朱維宣稱，「我們在加州擁有的這些領先市場計畫，可以推廣到世界各地」。

     　這兩座新廠提供的電能，也將超出目前在全球最大的太陽能電廠規模。西班牙有一座23百萬瓦特電廠、葡萄牙南部有一座11百萬瓦特的太陽能廠，德國目前正在興建40百萬瓦特的太陽能廠。至於在美國最近完工，利用鏡面集中太陽光的電廠Nevada Solar One，則可以生產64百萬瓦特的電能。

     　太陽能相對於以煤或天然氣，其發電成本還是居高不下，不過受到美國地方政府對再生能源的定額規定，該情況可望大幅改善。

     　目前在美對再生能源發電比重要求最高的是加州，勒令發電廠在2010年其總電力有20％必須來自再生能源。太平洋煤電公司雖然預測當新太陽能廠完成，其再生能源比重將達到24％，不過必須等到2013年。

2008/8/14

Conergy To Build 4.35-MW Project in (The largest Solar Plant in Asia )

  Conergy , subsidiary of Conergy AG, announced a framework agreement for a 4.35-megawatt (MW) extension, worth approximately €20 million, of a 19.6 MW, recently completed photovoltaic plant in SinAn, southwest of the Korean capital Seoul . 
  The extension of what is already Asia’s largest solar power plant to 24 MW is expected to be fully grid-connected before the year is over, marking what could be considered a major milestone for in becoming a worldwide leader in clean energy. 
   Building Asia’s largest solar power plant is a landmark moment for the renewable energy sector in . The success, scale and technical sophistication of the project is a model of how we can lead Korea into a new era of renewable energy production through strong and trusted partnerships between international experience and technical knowledge, Korean construction and engineering expertise, and ambitious local and federal government planning and policy," said Jihun Kim, CEO of Conergy Korea.

2008/8/13 

SolarWorld Begins Industrial Silicon Production 
Bonn, [RenewableEnergyWorld.com]

 A joint venture between SolarWorld Group and Evonik Industries AG has inaugurated its first production plant for the industrial scale production of solar-grade silicon. Joint Solar Silicon GmbH & Co. KG (JSSI), located in Rheinfelden, uses an innovative process that could save up to 90% of the energy employed in conventional silicon production, the company says.

 The new technology was developed by JSSI in cooperation with leading universities. The joint venture produces solar-grade silicon from monosilane starting its industrial production with an annual capacity of 850 tons. The total investment volume is in the range of a double digit million Euros. Evonik Industries holds 51% and SolarWorld 49% in the JSSI venture.

 "The combination of efficiency and quality is of strategic importance in order to help solar power technology to penetrate the energy industry more and more. It is thanks to technological progress of this kind that in a few years time solar power from the roof will have become cheaper for households than electricity from the wall socket," said Frank Asbeck, SolarWorld's chairman and CEO.

2008/8/14

NREL Solar Cell Sets Efficiency Record of 40.8% Colorado, [RenewableEnergyWorld.com]

  Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have set a world record in solar cell efficiency with a photovoltaic device that converts 40.8 percent of the light that hits it into electricity. This is the highest confirmed efficiency of any photovoltaic device to date. 
  The inverted metamorphic triple-junction solar cell was designed, fabricated and independently measured at NREL. The 40.8 percent efficiency was measured under concentrated light of 326 suns. One sun is about the amount of light that typically hits Earth on a sunny day. The new cell is a natural candidate for the space satellite market and for terrestrial concentrated photovoltaic arrays, which use lenses or mirrors to focus sunlight onto the solar cells. 
  The new solar cell differs significantly from the previous record holder – also based on a NREL design. Instead of using a germanium wafer as the bottom junction of the device, the new design uses compositions of gallium indium phosphide and gallium indium arsenide to split the solar spectrum into three equal parts that are absorbed by each of the cell's three junctions for higher potential efficiencies. 
  This is accomplished by growing the solar cell on a gallium arsenide wafer, flipping it over, then removing the wafer. The resulting device is extremely thin and light and represents a new class of solar cells with advantages in performance, design, operation and cost.

David Parker13 August, 2008

   Providing for the country’s energy needs now and into the future while reducing ’s impact on the environment is the goal of the government’s proposed National Policy Statement for Renewable Electricity Generation announced today.
  Environment Minister Trevor Mallard and Energy Minister David Parker said today’s announcement was aimed at helping achieve the Labour-led government’s goal of generating 90 per cent of the country’s electricity from renewable sources by 2025.
 “How we provide for our energy needs into the future is a key climate change issue,” David Parker said.
 “We must move away from the technologies of the past to the technologies of the future if we are to reduce our impact on the environment.  Those technologies are likely to include wind, geothermal, solar, tidal and hydro.
 “This proposed National Policy Statement will encourage the development of a diverse and resilient energy sector and create more confidence for investors in renewable electricity generation projects.”
  The proposed statement will give guidance to Resource Management Act (RMA) decision makers such as councils, who must balance the national benefits of renewable electricity generation projects with local considerations.
 “We’ve always said that our 90 percent renewables target does not require damming every river and putting wind turbines on every ridge line,” Trevor Mallard said.
  The National Policy Statement on renewable energy announced today would require local authorities to consider the ‘reversibility’ of effects of new renewable generation.
 “Obviously, the effects of damming a river are far greater than erecting wind turbines.  Large dams usually mean major permanent changes to water courses, with significant impacts on wildlife and ecosystems. 
 “Our rivers are a resource not only for potential hydro generation but also for fishing, recreation, tourism and as a habitat for native species.”
  The proposed National Policy Statement will encourage small-scale development of renewable electricity generation projects and reduce rural communities’ dependence on the national electricity grid by, for example, making it simpler to set up small renewable energy sources such as a wind turbine in the backyard.
 “The government has already done major work in this area through the New Zealand Energy Strategy and the announcement of an Emissions Trading Scheme to price carbon emissions.  This policy statement is another significant stage in what is one of the key challenges facing the planet,” the Ministers said.
  David Parker said the Labour-led government’s focus on a sustainable energy future for was in stark contrast to the approach of the National Party.
  “National pays lip service to climate change and the environment, but it is happy to see more fossil fuel generation go ahead, and to remove the environmental protections the RMA provides.
 “On that subject, John Key needs to tell New Zealanders whether he shares the views of one of his most experienced candidates that a nuclear power plant could be built near Auckland.”
  National’s Wellington candidate Stephen Franks told a student audience recently that a nuclear power plant could be built ‘near Auckland’ and that in his opinion ‘the people of will demand it someday’, David Parker said.
  “New Zealand’s future lies in clean, renewable energy, not fossil fuels or nuclear power.  ’s nuclear-free stance is one of the things that defines us as a nation, and we’re a leader in renewable energy, just as we’re a leader in being nuclear-free,” David Parker concluded. (See below for a table summarising planned renewable energy projects.)
  The proposed national policy statement is now ready to go to an independent Board of Inquiry, also announced by the government today, for public consultation.  See this website for more information: ttp://www.mfe.govt.nz/rma/central/nps/generation.html
Planned renewable electricity developments (as at August 2008)

Source: Ministry of Economic Development 

FACT SHEET
The Government’s work programme on electricity related issues
  Additional to the NPS announced today, the government is also undertaking work in the following areas:
National Policy Statement on Electricity Transmission 2008
  The National Policy Statement on Electricity Transmission was issued in March this year. It is a statement from central government to recognise the national significance of the national grid in RMA plans and decision-making. It is a high-level framework that gives guidance across for the management and future planning of the national grid.
National Environmental Standards on Electricity Transmission in development
  The Ministry for the Environment is currently developing two national environmental standards for electricity transmission (NES). The standards aim to provide national consistency in how electricity transmission activities are managed, assisting councils in implementing the NPS and providing for an increased national security of supply by protecting the national grid.
Non-statutory guidance in development
  The Ministry for the Environment is developing non-statutory guidance for RMA decision makers to assist in the implementation of national policy statements and national environmental standards.
Additional Government activity and funding support on electricity related issues 
·                  The 2007 Energy Strategy to 2050 
·                  The 2007 Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy 
·                  The 2007 announcement of an Emissions Trading Scheme which will  price carbon emissions, including in the energy sector 
·                  Marine Energy Deployment Fund to bring forward the development of marine energy in  
·                  EECA business programme to develop more energy efficient and competitive businesses including joint ventures to develop energy best practice with industry groups, and workplace education 
·                  Energy Star Rating Labels 
·                  The EnergyWise Home Grants programme to provide grants and advice for warmer, healthier and more energy efficient homes including grants to landlords for upgrading rental properties. 
·                  Home Energy Rating Scheme (under development ) 
·                  The Solar water heating programme to encourage the uptake of solar water heating 
·                  Building Code review 
·                  2004 Amendment of the RMA to ensure renewable energy is taken into account in decision-making under the RMA 
·                  The Govt³ programme supports government agencies to become more sustainable.