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2009年05月的文章
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May 27, 2009
SANYO開發出效率達23%之太陽能電池(100cm^2)
SANYO Develops Solar Cells With 23% Efficiency
Source: Sanyo, 2009/5/22
SANYO Electric Co. Ltd. says it has broken its own record for the world's highest energy conversion efficiency in practical size (100 cm2 or more) crystalline silicon-type solar cells, achieving efficiency of 23.0% at a research level for its proprietary HIT solar photovoltaic cells.
The structure of the HIT solar cell allows a possible reduction in recombination loss of the electrical element (charged carrier) by surrounding the energy generation layer of single thin crystalline silicon (c-Si) with high-quality, ultra-thin amorphous silicon (a-Si) layers, the company notes.
SANYO recently improved the quality of the HIT solar cell junction through developing a technology for depositing a higher-quality a-Si layer over the c-Si substrate, while protecting the c-Si surface from being damaged. The result was an increase in the open-circuit voltage (Voc) from 0.725 V to 0.729 V.
In addition, the company reduced optical absorption loss in both the a-Si and transparent conductive layers. As a result, the short circuit current (Isc) improved from 39.2mA/cm2 to 39.5mA/cm2. SANYO also says it recently realized lower-resistance electrode material for use in the grid electrode and a higher aspect ratio through improving printing technology, leading to a success in reduction of resistance loss when an electric current flows through the grid electrode. As a result, the fill factor was improved from 0.791 to 0.80.
May 27, 2009
美國Starwood Solar公司將在亞歷桑那州Harquahala Valley興建全球最大的CSP太陽能電場(290MW)
Starwood Solar, Lockheed Martin To Build Largest Dispatchable Solar Plant
Source: Starwood Solar , 2009/5/26
Starwood Energy Group Global LLC says that its affiliate, Starwood Solar I LLC, has signed a definitive power purchase agreement (PPA) with Arizona Public Service Co. (APS). Starwood Solar will contract with Lockheed Martin Corp. to construct a 290 MW concentrating solar trough plant in Harquahala Valley, Ariz., and commit all the renewable energy and capacity from the facility to APS under the PPA.
The facility, scheduled to be completed in 2013, will be the world’s largest dispatchable solar energy plant ever built and will provide enough electricity for nearly 73,000 APS electricity customers, according to Starwood Solar.
The plant's solar technology will use parabolic mirrors to track the sun and focus the sun's heat on a heat-transfer fluid, which will transfer its heat energy to water, creating steam. The steam is then used to run conventional steam turbines to create electricity. The heat energy in the fluid also can be stored and used at a later time to generate electricity when most needed by APS' customers.
The plant will be located in the Maricopa County, Ariz., approximately 75 miles west of Phoenix, and will be owned by Starwood Solar, with all the power generated by the facility provided to APS through a long-term PPA. Lockheed Martin will be responsible for engineering, procurement and construction, as well as operations and maintenance when the facility is complete.
Over the next 12 months, Starwood Energy and its affiliate, Nautilus Solar Energy LLC, will work to complete permitting and structure and place the construction and permanent financing.
May 27, 2009
歐巴馬投入820億台幣打造電動車電池大國
· 2009-05-27
· 中國時報
· 【時報-外電報導】
提倡環保節能、正在推動綠色新政的歐巴馬政府，已引爆美國生產電動車電池的熱潮。為了把美國打造成一個電動車電池生產大國，美國能源部將動用24億美元資金(約820億台幣)，並在上周最後期限前接獲165件申請案。其中包括通用汽車、陶氏化學、以及奇異公司（GE）參與投資的A123系統公司都在爭取這筆政府資金，甚至連密西根、肯塔基與麻薩諸塞州政府也分別與其所青睞的電池製造商聯手提出申請。
最快在7月底前決定撥款對象後，能源部可能會幫助密西根州利沃尼亞市、肯塔基州印第安納波里斯市與格倫戴爾市，發展成為未來美國電動車電池的生產重鎮。
May 27, 2009
國民黨與共產黨黨主席的共識: 共同發展經濟, 反台獨, 中華民族統一之路自然水道渠成
5/26中國國民黨主席吳伯雄與中國共產黨主席達成五點共識, 這將是兩國執政黨的重大兩岸政策, 包括
1. 促進兩岸和平發展(1000多顆飛彈不撤如何和平發展?)
2. 反對台獨(這是台灣2300萬人民的共識嗎?)
3. 加強經濟合作及商談經濟合作協定, 即簽訂ECFA(台灣人民要舉辦公投反ECFA, 國民黨敢硬柪嗎?)
4. 積極促進兩岸文化教育交流, 就是互相承認學歷, 並恢復”中華文化”
5. 涉外事務中避免不必要的內耗，增進中華民族整體利益, 就是台灣委屈一下, 外交上當中國的一省, 中國就會點頭讓台灣進入國際組織. 共同創造”中華民族”的繁榮.
中國共產黨對中國國民黨一年來的配合非常滿意並給予高度肯定, 表示這樣的從屬關係應繼續保持. 台灣對中國的態度如果被敵國(中國)高度肯定, 那不正說明了中國國民黨在台灣執行中國共產黨的政經政策?
結果台灣股市以上漲207點收新高, 慶祝兩國即將簽定ECFA, 台灣人民真是要想清楚啊!
國台辦：胡吳會達成廣泛共識有重要意義
· 2009-05-27
· 中國時報
· 【中央社】
中國大陸國務院台灣事務辦公室發言人楊毅今天表示，中共總書記胡錦濤與中國國民黨主席吳伯雄26日會談達成廣泛共識，對推動兩岸關係和平發展具有重要意義。
楊毅表示，胡錦濤和吳伯雄就新形勢下進一步促進兩岸關係發展深入交換了意見，會談取得重要成果，達成廣泛共識，對增進國共兩黨政治互信，促進兩岸雙方良性互動，進一步推動兩岸關係和平發展，具有十分重要的意義。
他說明，「第一，雙方都表示要繼續推動落實『兩岸和平發展共同願景』，不斷促進兩岸關係和平發展；第二，都認為要維護反對『台獨』、堅持『九二共識』的共同政治基礎，不斷增強和深化互信；第三，都強調要加強兩岸經濟合作，盡快商談兩岸經濟合作協定，以利建立兩岸經濟合作機制；第四，都贊同要積極促進兩岸文化教育交流，舉辦以文教交流為主題的兩岸經貿文化論壇，開始探討協商兩岸文化教育交流協議；第五，都主張兩岸在涉外事務中避免不必要的內耗，增進中華民族整體利益。」
楊毅說，「我們希望國共兩黨、兩岸雙方在一年來兩岸關係取得突破性進展的基礎上，繼續共同努力，不斷開創兩岸關係和平發展新局面，進一步造福兩岸同胞。」
關於國共兩黨領導人是否會形成一種制度化會晤的機制，楊毅指出，「國共兩黨領導人保持接觸，就兩岸關係發展的重大問題交換意見，共同推動兩岸關係發展，這符合兩岸同胞的利益，也是兩岸關係和平發展的客觀需要。至於一年一次還是多長時間一次，我想這要根據實際需要來定。」
此外，楊毅也就日前在福建舉行的海峽論壇指出，海峽論壇取得圓滿成功，體現出民間性、實效性、互動交流親和熱烈等三個特點，今後多長時間舉辦一次，「我想舉辦的時間要由論壇組委會聽取各方意見，根據當時的實際情況來決定。」
至於海峽論壇有沒有可能在台灣舉行，楊毅說，「在福建期間，胡志強市長曾經提出希望海峽論壇到台灣舉辦，我們認為這是一個有建設性的設想。關於海峽論壇在大陸的舉辦地，我們確定的是福建，具體每屆舉辦的時間，要根據當時的實際情況，聽取各方意見以後來確定。」
May 25, 2009
歐洲最大的陸上風廠在蘇格蘭啟用
Europe's Largest Onshore Wind Farm Is Switched on in Scotland
Whitelee Wind Farm begins operation today.
Source: Renewable Energy World Magazine 2009/5/20
Today, the final phase of Europe's largest onshore wind farm is being turned on in Scotland. The 322-megawatt (MW), 140-turbine Whitelee wind farm was built by ScottishPower Renewables, which is part of the Spanish power business Iberdrola.
In Spain and internationally, the Iberdrola Group, is the world’s largest developer of wind power, with nearly 9700 MW of installed capacity. The wind farm uses Siemens 2.3-MW machines.
Positioned 370 meters (1200 feet) above sea level, 15 kilometers (9 miles) outside of Scotland’s largest city, Glasgow, the new wind farm has over half a million people living within a 30-km radius of it. It’s one of the first large-scale wind farms to be constructed close to a large population center. The first phase of the wind farm started feeding power into the grid in January 2008.
Potentially, the wind farm could be extended to a massive 600 MW: this became more likely today when a proposal to extend the existing scheme by another 130 MW was been approved by the Scottish Government, thus powering an additional 70,000 homes.
But the company is also carrying out scoping work on a potential second extension, which could add a further 140 MW. It is anticipated that an official planning application will be submitted for this later in the summer.
At the ceremonial switch-on today, Iberdrola and ScottishPower Chairman Ignacio Galán was joined today by Scotland’s First Minister Alex Salmond. The company considers Scotland and the UK core markets in its current and future growth plans.
“Whitelee is a milestone in the history of Scotland, not only representing the largest wind farm in Europe but also one of the largest in the world," Galán said.
The Scottish governmenthas a target of generating 31% of Scotland's electricity demand from renewable sources by 2011 and 50% by 2020. It’s an ambitious target, and the majority of this is likely to come from wind power.
“Our potential for electricity generation from renewables is up to 60 gigawatts — more than ten times our peak demand. We have launched the world’s greatest single prize for innovation in marine energy, the £10 million Saltire Prize; we are developing and applying clean fossil fuel technology; we have an unrivalled competitive advantage in carbon capture and storage; we have approved Siadar, one of the largest wave energy projects on the planet; as well as developing and consenting hydro and biomass projects. Harnessing all these opportunities has the potential to create more than 16,000 jobs in Scotland over the next decade," Salmond said.
ScottishPower Renewables’ Keith Anderson said he believed further onshore wind farms would follow in the United Kingdom, but also added that said more work was needed on infrastructure. Improved grid connections are key in the UK, as in so many other parts of the world.
Anderson told reporters, "We're currently in conversations with the Crown Estate and the Scottish government about the development of an offshore wind farm off the west coast of Scotland, which could be anything up to 1800 MW, at least five or six times the size of Whitelee."
At the end of April, ScottishPower Renewables announced that Whitelee was set to be completed ahead of schedule.
“To complete Europe’s largest on-shore wind farm ahead of schedule is a major achievement. A wind farm on this scale has never been attempted before, and every one of the 500 people who have worked on the project deserves huge credit," ScottishPower director Keith Anderson said.
“Our project management team and our contractors, Morrison Balfour Kilpatrick, have developed techniques and a level of expertise that allows us to work effectively in difficult terrain and under testing conditions, and this understanding has helped to keep the project firmly on track," saidn Anderson.
As well as the physical construction of the turbines, the £300 million (US $466 million) project has also seen the creation of a 90 km "floating" road network to protect the underlying peatland and the connection of over 970 km of cables to link the turbines to the national grid. A state-of-the-art visitor center is also in the process of being completed.
May 15, 2009
您期待彩虹嗎？
--每一個台灣人可以向子孫訴說的故事
台灣教授協會鑑於中國國民黨重新執政後，賣台行徑更加猖狂，台灣人民辛苦建立的自由、民主、人權即將毀於一旦！因此，體認到台灣獨立建國運動需要重新做起，透過「組織」、「學習訓練」、「服務行動」等三項工作循環，強化力量與動能。我們將它稱為「台灣獨立運動2.0」(Taiwan Independence Movement, TIM 2.0)，或者說它是一個「個人化與協同式方法」(Personalized and Collaborative Approach)。
台灣教授協會自 5月17日 起，開始招募「台灣共和國志工團」志工，發給每位志工「台灣共和國志工護照」，提供學習訓練課程，如「志願服務的內涵與倫理」、「自我了解及自我肯定」、「志願服務經驗分享」、「台灣歷史概述」、「台灣文化與藝術概述」、「人權、自決權與抵抗權」、「台灣的國際法地位」、「非武力抗爭」、「非武力抗爭演練」等課程，並將每位志工的志願服務行動，記錄在「台灣共和國志工護照」，做為個人的人生存摺，描繪每一位台灣人為建立「台灣共和國」，所奉獻的生命故事。
為了表彰志工對建立「台灣共和國」的奉獻，台灣教授協會特別設計了「台灣共和國彩虹勳章」，依據彩虹的七種顏色，當志願服務點數，累積超過一百點，即可獲頒「台灣共和國紫色勳章」，依此類推，累積超過七百點，即可獲頒最高榮譽的「台灣共和國彩虹勳章」。期望所有台灣人民，能夠以台灣共和國的勳章榮耀生命的意義，以「台灣共和國志工護照」的紀錄，向您的的子孫訴說：您曾努力過，要給他們一個有自由、民主、人權的國家！
.……………………………………裁切 線 ………………………………………………
台灣共和國志工登記表
姓名 | 志工護照編號 (工作人員填寫) | |||||
性別 | □ 男 □ 女 | 申請日期 | 西元 年 月 日 | |||
生日 | 西元 年 月 日 | 郵遞區號 | ||||
通訊 地址 | ||||||
電話 (住家) | 電話 (手機) | 傳真 | ||||
電子郵件信箱 | 專長/興趣 | |||||
語言 | □ 華語 □ 河洛語 □ 客語 □ 原住民語_______________ | 外語能力 | 英語： □說 □聽 □寫 日語： □說 □聽 □寫 其他： | |||
台灣教授協會：Tel: 02-2362-8797 Fax:02-2362-8798 E-mail: taup@seed.net.tw
May 14, 2009
2008年全球小風機成長53%, 銷售額約52億台幣
Global small wind market grew 53% in 2008
Global sales in the small wind (<100kW) market grew 53% to 38.7 MW in 2008 representing 19,000 units and US$156 million.
Ref: http://www.renewableenergyfocus.com , 2009/5/13
US small wind up 78%
The US market for small wind grew 78% in 2008 with an additional 17.3 MW of installed capacity. This represents 10,500 units and US$77m in sales.
According to the American Wind Energy Association’s (AWEA) Small Wind Turbine Global Market Study, the growth is largely due to increased private equity investment that allowed manufacturing volumes to increase, particularly for the commercial segment of the small wind turbine market (systems 21-100kW).
The largest segment of the market, residential (1-10kW) wind turbines, was driven by investment and manufacturing economies of scale, but also by rising residential electricity prices and a heightened public awareness of the technology.
AWEA projects a 30-fold growth within five years, despite a global recession, for a cumulative US installed capacity of 1700 MW by the end of 2013. Much of this estimated growth would be spurred by the 8-year 30% federal Investment Tax Credit passed by Congress in October 2008.
The USA continues to command roughly half the global small wind energy market share.
UK the world’s biggest exporter for <50kW
The British Wind Energy Association (BWEA) says the UK is the world’s biggest exporter of wind turbines in the sub 50kW division, deploying 4.7 MW in international markets in 2008.
The study’s author Ron Stimmel of AWEA says: “The UK currently exports more small wind systems than any other country in the world and has a great potential domestic market. In the USA, the world’s largest small wind market, the federal government recently enacted a long-term financial incentive for small wind turbine consumers that could bring a 30-fold growth to the US industry in as little as five years. With the right policies, the UK market could see similar growth."
UK manufacturers currently hold an 82% revenue share of the UK market and export 50% of their output to over 100 countries worldwide.
Since 2005, over 10,000 small systems have been deployed in the UK, equating to over 20 MW of installed electrical capacity.
May 14, 2009
我不要我的國家淪落至此
民主進步黨主席 蔡英文 2009/5/14
民主進步黨主席 蔡英文 2009/5/14
各位熱愛民主的朋友：
寫這封公開信，是希望邀請您參加5/17在台北街頭舉辦的大遊行，以及晚間10點開始的24小時凱道靜坐。因為我相信您正和我一樣，對於這一年來台灣的倒退，充滿著挫折感與危機感。
當年許多前輩以街頭抗爭，促成了總統直選，大幅提昇了台灣的「民主」與「主權」地位；但當前的領導者的行為，卻明顯背離民選總統代表的這兩層意義。馬總統就職以來遠離民意、弱化國會、封鎖街頭、操控媒體，從一黨獨大走向一人獨大；他將台灣主權工具化，用以和中國交換不確定的經濟利益，更忘我地將台灣矮化為地區，只為撫慰自己的大中國鄉愁。
人民的經濟生活品質在下降。人民失業大增、所得銳減，而政府卻拿救經濟當藉口，趁機大量舉債花錢，這其中一部份是浮濫無效，另外的則進入了他們政治盟友的口袋。人民獲得的蠅頭小利，遠比不上子孫未來要承擔的債務。
最近，他們還預備強行修訂集會遊行法。這個「戒嚴版」集遊法一旦通過，將把應該屬於人民的街頭，交到警察和執政者的手中，去年陳雲林來台的種種侵害人權亂象，必將重演。政績不佳就封住人民的嘴，這是獨裁國家的行徑，根本不應該發生在民主台灣。
這一年，是主權割讓、民主倒退、經濟不振的一年。如果此刻人民還不站出來，用自己的力量保衛台灣，還要等到什麼時候？
有人問我，上街遊行究竟可以改變什麼？誠實地說，我們無法一次扳倒這個政權，因為馬總統有憲法的任期保障，在野黨也沒有足夠的席次來提罷免案。但改革的能量是累積的、漸進的，過去很多的民主運動，都不是在抗爭的過程中收割，而是在改革能量終於匯集到頂點，才足以產生制度性的變化。這就是我們要做的事：一次又一次累積社會改革的能量，直到它爆發出無可抵禦的力量。
我們應該問自己：如果因為氣餒而不走出來，執政者會怎麼想？我相信，他們會以為這一年來的所作所為，都是對的；他們會以為只要持續消費扁案，就可永續執政；他們會以為只要掌握資源、弱化國會、封鎖街頭、操控媒體，就可以順利把台灣帶回解嚴前，那個崇拜領袖、恐怖安定的時代！
我不要我的國家淪落至此，我相信您也是。
我瞭解有一些朋友，因為對民進黨失望、或是不願意沾惹政治色彩，而對於參加民進黨主辦的活動感到猶豫。對此我想說，如今在野的民進黨，每一天都比過去進步：我們逐步拋棄強人領導、以小額捐款來支撐黨務的發展、重新與社運理念連結。記取了失敗的經驗和教訓，假以時日，民進黨必然會煥然一新。
更重要的是，當執政者已成為操控國家機器、司法與媒體的巨獸，一旁還有中國的操控和助威時，我們不能承受社會僅存的制衡力量一再分散，被執政者輕易地個個擊破。517遊行和靜坐，本就不是政黨之間的對抗遊戲；這場活動的意義，是要把人民力量團結起來，讓執政者聽見他們不屑一顧的民意，聽見令他們心頭一驚的怒吼！
每當民主改革走到關鍵時刻，台灣人民始終不曾讓歷史失望。我誠摯的請各位和我們一起，走出來、坐下去，讓凱道不再是執政者的金階，而是人民的舞台。517，讓我們一起在街頭寫下歷史。
寫這封公開信，是希望邀請您參加5/17在台北街頭舉辦的大遊行，以及晚間10點開始的24小時凱道靜坐。因為我相信您正和我一樣，對於這一年來台灣的倒退，充滿著挫折感與危機感。
當年許多前輩以街頭抗爭，促成了總統直選，大幅提昇了台灣的「民主」與「主權」地位；但當前的領導者的行為，卻明顯背離民選總統代表的這兩層意義。馬總統就職以來遠離民意、弱化國會、封鎖街頭、操控媒體，從一黨獨大走向一人獨大；他將台灣主權工具化，用以和中國交換不確定的經濟利益，更忘我地將台灣矮化為地區，只為撫慰自己的大中國鄉愁。
人民的經濟生活品質在下降。人民失業大增、所得銳減，而政府卻拿救經濟當藉口，趁機大量舉債花錢，這其中一部份是浮濫無效，另外的則進入了他們政治盟友的口袋。人民獲得的蠅頭小利，遠比不上子孫未來要承擔的債務。
最近，他們還預備強行修訂集會遊行法。這個「戒嚴版」集遊法一旦通過，將把應該屬於人民的街頭，交到警察和執政者的手中，去年陳雲林來台的種種侵害人權亂象，必將重演。政績不佳就封住人民的嘴，這是獨裁國家的行徑，根本不應該發生在民主台灣。
這一年，是主權割讓、民主倒退、經濟不振的一年。如果此刻人民還不站出來，用自己的力量保衛台灣，還要等到什麼時候？
有人問我，上街遊行究竟可以改變什麼？誠實地說，我們無法一次扳倒這個政權，因為馬總統有憲法的任期保障，在野黨也沒有足夠的席次來提罷免案。但改革的能量是累積的、漸進的，過去很多的民主運動，都不是在抗爭的過程中收割，而是在改革能量終於匯集到頂點，才足以產生制度性的變化。這就是我們要做的事：一次又一次累積社會改革的能量，直到它爆發出無可抵禦的力量。
我們應該問自己：如果因為氣餒而不走出來，執政者會怎麼想？我相信，他們會以為這一年來的所作所為，都是對的；他們會以為只要持續消費扁案，就可永續執政；他們會以為只要掌握資源、弱化國會、封鎖街頭、操控媒體，就可以順利把台灣帶回解嚴前，那個崇拜領袖、恐怖安定的時代！
我不要我的國家淪落至此，我相信您也是。
我瞭解有一些朋友，因為對民進黨失望、或是不願意沾惹政治色彩，而對於參加民進黨主辦的活動感到猶豫。對此我想說，如今在野的民進黨，每一天都比過去進步：我們逐步拋棄強人領導、以小額捐款來支撐黨務的發展、重新與社運理念連結。記取了失敗的經驗和教訓，假以時日，民進黨必然會煥然一新。
更重要的是，當執政者已成為操控國家機器、司法與媒體的巨獸，一旁還有中國的操控和助威時，我們不能承受社會僅存的制衡力量一再分散，被執政者輕易地個個擊破。517遊行和靜坐，本就不是政黨之間的對抗遊戲；這場活動的意義，是要把人民力量團結起來，讓執政者聽見他們不屑一顧的民意，聽見令他們心頭一驚的怒吼！
每當民主改革走到關鍵時刻，台灣人民始終不曾讓歷史失望。我誠摯的請各位和我們一起，走出來、坐下去，讓凱道不再是執政者的金階，而是人民的舞台。517，讓我們一起在街頭寫下歷史。
May 14, 2009
歐盟推動可再生能源和電動車的結合打造更環保的運輸工具
文章來源：駐歐盟兼駐比利時代表處科技組, 2009/05/13
從19世紀開始，科學家們即持續不斷地研究電動運輸科技。二○○九年二月底開始的歐盟「愛迪生計畫-在多元及開放市場的再生能源電動車應用」 (EDISON, Electric vehicles in a distributed and integrated market using sustainable energy and open networks)，計畫目標就是開發出一套智慧架構，提供可再生能源取代目前電動車的供電系統 。
愛迪生計畫的執行地點是丹麥，丹麥目前正在大規模推出電動車以及興建相關的電動車基礎建設。多虧北歐的市場推動和投資方向，丹麥國內目前的可再生能源供應已達到了百分之二十，而在不久的未來，丹麥十分之一的車輛將會是純電動車或者是油電混合車。
研究人員指出，因應電動車的普遍應用，必須發展出一套新型改良的電力基礎建設，因為如果每個人都隨便的把電動車插入區域網路的電力補給，將會產生嚴重的問題。在這種新型的設施中，電動車在充電的時候可以和電網交換訊息，讓充電更有效率，而充電的時間將會因再生能源的供給量以及電網上的使用人數而有些許變動。使用可再生能源能夠讓運輸業有效的減少二氧化碳排放量，特別是擁有智能科技的電動車，可隨時控制充電和放電的狀況，使能源系統運作達到最佳效益。
這項研究工作將分成三個階段：研究、技術開發和實地測試。實地測試部分將在丹麥著名的風力發電島 -- 波羅的海上的博恩霍爾姆(Bornholm)上實行，愛迪生計畫的目標是由風力發電來驅動全島的電動車。藉由博恩霍爾姆上的測試，研究人員將能夠實地評估在車輛數目變化時，對供電系統功能將造成何種影響。
丹麥的氣候及能源部長表示，電動車是將可再生能源完整應用於交通運輸的一種技術，這就是為什麼我們鼓勵電動汽車取代傳統燃料驅動車輛進入市場的原因。愛迪生計畫的研究夥伴包括丹麥能源公司(DONG Energy, Oestkraft)、丹麥技術大學、丹麥能源協會、德國西門子、EURISCO和美國巨頭IBM公司。另外由於電動科技對環境的正面影響，哥本哈根也投入了部分資金支持本計畫。IBM的全球能源與公用事業行業負責人表示，丹麥是2009年聯合國氣候變化會議的東道主，並且是歐洲國家中能源使用效率最高的國家，愛迪生計畫的執行更進一步顯示了丹麥在此領域的野心。風力發電和電動汽車具有巨大的潛力，這兩者的結合在可再生能源領域未來的應用上是一個最佳組合。
May 13, 2009
517大遊行及靜坐凱道
May 8, 2009
全球CSP太陽能裝製2014達14GW, 預估2020高達25GW
Global Concentrated Solar Power Industry to Reach 25 GW by 2020
Source: RenewableEnergyWorld.com, 2009/5/6
Led by development in Spain and potential in the U.S., concentrated solar power markets are entering a new growth phase, amidst a tumultuous global economic landscape. The CSP industry is scaling rapidly with 1.2 GW under construction as of April 2009 and another 13.9 GW announced globally through 2014, according to a new study from Emerging Energy Research analyzing global CSP markets and strategies.
Spain is the epicenter of CSP development with 22 projects for 1,037 MW under construction, all of which are projected to come online by the end of 2010. The current Spanish Royal Decree, which calls for 500 MW of solar CSP by 2010, has been largely responsible for the dramatic increase in CSP development activity in Spain since 2008.
However, a review of Spain’s feed-in tariff (FIT) scheme is underway and its outcome will have a significant impact upon 6 GW of projects in the pipeline. The success of Spain’s longer-term CSP position will largely depend on the government’s willingness to continue fostering CSP development through feed-in tariffs, according to EER.
Global CSP Pipeline by Country, 1985-2014
Source: Emerging Energy Research
Despite only 75 MW of CSP under construction, the U.S. continues to offer significant opportunity for CSP, with 8.5 GW in the pipeline and scheduled for installation by 2014.
While parabolic trough represents more than 96% of all CSP projects currently under construction in Spain, the technology accounts for only 40% of the U.S. CSP pipeline. Backed by sufficient government incentives, Spanish CSP developers have not been compelled to take on major technology risks, according to EER.
Regional CSP Pipeline by Technology
Source: Emerging Energy Research
“The U.S. market has a greater technology mix, as the highly cost-competitive marketplace encourages innovative technology development, such as central receiver, dish engine, and linear Fresnel,” said Reese Tisdale, research director for Emerging Energy Research. “The race is on to determine which CSP technology can deliver, particularly in the uncertain economic climate.”
Spain and the U.S. will continue to lead CSP project development activity for the next decade due to a combination of resource and policy support, according to EER. The rest of southern Europe has yet to catch neighboring Spain’s solar CSP fever, primarily due to a lack of government incentives. According to the EER's study, CSP activity is also gaining momentum in the Middle East, North Africa and the Asia Pacific regions.
However, a review of Spain’s feed-in tariff (FIT) scheme is underway and its outcome will have a significant impact upon 6 GW of projects in the pipeline. The success of Spain’s longer-term CSP position will largely depend on the government’s willingness to continue fostering CSP development through feed-in tariffs, according to EER.
Global CSP Pipeline by Country, 1985-2014
Source: Emerging Energy Research
Despite only 75 MW of CSP under construction, the U.S. continues to offer significant opportunity for CSP, with 8.5 GW in the pipeline and scheduled for installation by 2014.
While parabolic trough represents more than 96% of all CSP projects currently under construction in Spain, the technology accounts for only 40% of the U.S. CSP pipeline. Backed by sufficient government incentives, Spanish CSP developers have not been compelled to take on major technology risks, according to EER.
Regional CSP Pipeline by Technology
Source: Emerging Energy Research
“The U.S. market has a greater technology mix, as the highly cost-competitive marketplace encourages innovative technology development, such as central receiver, dish engine, and linear Fresnel,” said Reese Tisdale, research director for Emerging Energy Research. “The race is on to determine which CSP technology can deliver, particularly in the uncertain economic climate.”
Spain and the U.S. will continue to lead CSP project development activity for the next decade due to a combination of resource and policy support, according to EER. The rest of southern Europe has yet to catch neighboring Spain’s solar CSP fever, primarily due to a lack of government incentives. According to the EER's study, CSP activity is also gaining momentum in the Middle East, North Africa and the Asia Pacific regions.
May 8, 2009
美國能源局將補助美國奧瑞岡州波特蘭市5MW太陽能裝置, 成為示範陽光電城
Portland Now a Solar America City, DOE Selects Recipients of Solar America Awards
Source: RenewableEnergyWorld.com, 2009/5/6
The City of Portland, Oregon has adopted a new goal of obtaining 5 megawatts (MW) of city-wide solar by 2012. The city has also been formally recognized as a Solar America City by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).
Through the Solar America Cities program, Portland receives financial and technical assistance to fund innovative solar energy initiatives that are designed to facilitate mainstream adoption of solar energy and will serve as a model for other cities.
“With Portland's Solar Now! campaign, the City has made great strides in overcoming the perception that solar does not work in Oregon. The efforts here demonstrate that going solar does not need to be complex and that even in the Pacific Northwest, solar can be a key component of a city's energy infrastructure. We're very pleased to help accelerate Portland's efforts and to see Mayor Adams forge new solar goals for the city,” said Tom Kimbis, director of solar market transformation, Department of Energy.
Since the inception of Solar Now!, Portland residents and businesses have installed over 2 MW of solar electric power, removing 2 million pounds of CO2 from the environment that would otherwise be produced from traditional power plants. The program provides a one-stop resource for homeowners and businesses seeking to access clean, reliable energy. With DOE support, Solar Now! streamlines Portland’s permitting process, as well as helps implement solar on City-owned facilities.
DOE has also announced three new winners of Solar America Showcases awards. The Solar America Showcases effort is run by DOE's Solar Energy Technologies Program and provides technical assistance to large solar energy installation projects that are highly visible, novel, and replicable throughout the nation.
This most recent competition added three award winners including Sequoia Foundation from California, Forest City Communities from Hawaii and National Community Builders from Ohio.
All Solar America Showcases projects receive free DOE technical assistance utilizing experts from the national laboratories, universities and a competitively selected engineering firm funded in fiscal year 2009. These competitions are part of DOE's strategy to accelerate and advance solar energy technology adoption and integration.
“With Portland's Solar Now! campaign, the City has made great strides in overcoming the perception that solar does not work in Oregon. The efforts here demonstrate that going solar does not need to be complex and that even in the Pacific Northwest, solar can be a key component of a city's energy infrastructure. We're very pleased to help accelerate Portland's efforts and to see Mayor Adams forge new solar goals for the city,” said Tom Kimbis, director of solar market transformation, Department of Energy.
Since the inception of Solar Now!, Portland residents and businesses have installed over 2 MW of solar electric power, removing 2 million pounds of CO2 from the environment that would otherwise be produced from traditional power plants. The program provides a one-stop resource for homeowners and businesses seeking to access clean, reliable energy. With DOE support, Solar Now! streamlines Portland’s permitting process, as well as helps implement solar on City-owned facilities.
DOE has also announced three new winners of Solar America Showcases awards. The Solar America Showcases effort is run by DOE's Solar Energy Technologies Program and provides technical assistance to large solar energy installation projects that are highly visible, novel, and replicable throughout the nation.
This most recent competition added three award winners including Sequoia Foundation from California, Forest City Communities from Hawaii and National Community Builders from Ohio.
All Solar America Showcases projects receive free DOE technical assistance utilizing experts from the national laboratories, universities and a competitively selected engineering firm funded in fiscal year 2009. These competitions are part of DOE's strategy to accelerate and advance solar energy technology adoption and integration.
May 6, 2009
德國西門子將在美國Kansas州設立風機Nacelle組裝廠, 就近供應美國市場
Siemens In US Wind Turbine Production Plan
RenewableEnergyWorld.com, 2009/5/5
Siemens intends to build a new production facility for wind turbines in the state of Kansas.
Construction of the 300,000 square foot nacelle production facility in Hutchinson, Kansas is scheduled to begin in August 2009.
The nacelles will weigh 90 tons and the first is expected to be shipped in December 2010. All nacelles produced in Hutchinson will be used in the company's 2.3 MW turbine range.
Initially, the factory's planned annual output is approximately 650 nacelles – or 1500 MW -and 400 new jobs are expected to be created in the facility .
The company says that Hutchinson is near the centre of the continental United States and offers excellent transportation logistics. The factory will include direct loading onto rail as well as potentially utilizing the barge facilities at the port of Catoosa, located 250 miles from the plant.
"The United States already is and will continue to be one of the world's fastest growing wind energy markets," stated Peter Löscher, CEO of Siemens AG.
May 6, 2009
美國ARPA-E計畫將支助成立46個先進能源研究中心
US Government Furthers Its Commitment To Invest in Renewable Energy R&D
DOE Launches the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy; Creates 46 New Energy Frontier Research Centers
by Kevin Eber, NREL
2009/5/5
Last week President Barack Obama announced the launch of the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) as part of a sweeping announcement about federal investment in research and development and science education.
ARPA-E is a new DOE organization modeled after the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the defense agency that gave us the Internet, the Global Positioning System (GPS), and many other technological breakthroughs. ARPA-E was recommended by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and was authorized by Congress in 2007, but it received its first funding of US $400 million via the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
ARPA-E will fund energy technology projects that translate scientific discoveries and cutting-edge inventions into technological innovations. The program should also accelerate technological advances in high-risk areas that industry is not likely to pursue independently.
According to a DOE press release pertaining to the first funding opportunities, the program, in part, seeks to address the “valley of death” that prevents many transformational new technologies from becoming a market reality. RenewableEnergyWorld.com contributors Todd Alexander and Lee Gordon of Chadbourne and Parke wrote about the valley of death in their article “What’s Stopping Us? The Hurdles To Commercializing Cellulosic Ethanol.”
ARPA-E will not fund improvements to existing technologies; this research will continue to be supported through existing DOE programs, such as those of the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. ARPA-E's mission will be to develop new energy technologies that offer significant progress toward reducing imported energy; reducing energy-related emissions, including greenhouse gases; and improving energy efficiency.
Funding Opportunities Now Available
To launch ARPA-E, DOE has issued the first Funding Opportunity Announcement for the new agency, offering a total of US $150 million, with individual awards of $500,000 to $20 million. As one sign of the change in approach, applicants are initially asked to submit only eight-page "concept papers" that briefly outline the technical concept; applicants that make the first cut will be invited to submit full applications.
DOE anticipates awarding grants, cooperative agreements or Technology Investment Agreements, with the latter two most likely because of the need for substantial interaction between ARPA-E and the awardees.
Submit concept papers to DOE from May 12 through June 2. The full solicitation can be found on the FedConnect Web site (reference number is DE-FOA-0000065).
New Energy Frontier Research Centers Created
In related news, the White House announced last week that theDOE Office of Science plans to invest $777 million over the next five years to create 46 new Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs). The EFRCs will be established at universities, national laboratories, nonprofit organizations and private firms across the nation, drawing in part on funds provided by the Recovery Act, while also depending on future Congressional appropriations.
Twenty EFRCs will focus on renewable and carbon-neutral energy sources, including solar energy, biofuels, advanced nuclear energy and geological sequestration of carbon dioxide. Six EFRCs will pursue energy efficiency technologies, including solid-state lighting, superconductivity and clean and efficient combustion, while another half-dozen EFRCs will focus on energy storage, including electrical energy storage and hydrogen storage.
Last but not least, 14 EFRCs will be dedicated to cross-cutting science, including catalysis and materials that perform in extreme environments. The EFRCs will be located in 36 states, plus the District of Columbia.
May 6, 2009
太陽能矽晶圓廠瀕臨成本捍衛戰力 守4美元重要關卡
2009/05/06
電子時報/黃女瑛
近期太陽能6吋多晶矽晶圓現貨報價每片跌至約4.0~4.5美元，相較於2009年第1季甫跌破5美元關卡，季跌幅近2成，由於市場上持續出現下滑報價，目前太陽能矽晶圓廠已面臨4美元成本捍衛戰。矽晶圓廠認為，若再跌價下去，不但不賺錢、恐怕連合約執行都困難，不過，由於多晶矽價格漸恢復平穩，應可讓矽晶圓價格短期內難再大幅下探。
大宗的太陽能6吋多晶矽晶圓近期現貨市場報價平均每片約4.0~4.5美元，相較於2009年第1季價格甫跌破5美元關卡，季跌幅近2成，旺季仍有高幅跌價，顯示市場需求不足，買方市場殺價力道強、促使價格再度探底。
太陽能矽晶圓廠表示，目前平均報價約在4.2~4.5美元之間，若無相當購買量，廠商仍不願接受4美元價位，主要是目前現貨市場平均報價其實已比手中握有的多數合約訂單價格都低，雖然合約客戶可以體會過去在缺料時因為有合約，而取得較現貨便宜的矽晶圓，因此，現在客戶仍願意履約，但若價差太大，仍會增加執行的難度。
此外，近期多晶矽現貨市場價格維持在每公斤80~90美元之間，漸有回穩現象，由於上游料源價格短期內應不會再下探，這將使得矽晶圓廠短期內再降價機率相對減少，因此，可預期矽晶圓廠與客戶之間將在4美元此一重要關卡，持續進行拔河賽。不過，矽晶圓廠亦透露，若報價真的成功挑戰成本價，未來不排除調節產能因應。
太陽光電市場受到需求不振影響，使得現貨市場頻傳出超低報價消息，包括過去在現貨市場賺足高價的國際級矽晶圓廠，亦傳出跌破4美元報價，不過，目前台系業者多數僅是耳聞，並未見到真正具代表性的交易，值得注意的是，電池業者卻紛藉此理由，要求更低價進貨，即使電池廠亦知道搶進超低價矽晶圓，品質風險恐高，像是大陸諸多業者庫存出清，恐有品質疑慮。
太陽能業者表示，台系矽晶圓業者旺季在訂單上仍維持平穩或微揚狀態，至於起伏較大的大陸矽晶圓廠，近期則傳出幾家因接獲急單、對料源需求突然增加，至於急單主要來自於歐洲，大陸內需效應仍未發酵。
台系太陽能矽晶圓廠主要包括中美晶、綠能、轉投資大陸陽光能源的合晶等，新廠則包括旭晶、達能等。
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