長方塊積木抽抽樂的遊戲相信大家並不陌生,現在只能抽下半部的積木,每抽一根表示冰原的支架融化,如果不停止,將使得下半部逐漸失去支撐平衡,南極冰原就會像玩抽抽樂遊戲一樣,上半部積木大量崩塌,不必等它全部融化,其「體積與力量」推擠海水產生巨大海嘯,使得全世界海平面在「瞬間」上升。
南極冰原蠢蠢欲動
http://blog.yam.com/enlightenment/article/14299182
難擋全球暖化效應 南極巨大冰棚崩解
2008/03/26, 曹宇帆, 法新社華盛頓二十六日電
http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080326/19/w4zm.html
| Video: Wilkins ice shelf collapsing Despite predictions that it would last for another 15 years the Wilkins ice shelf is cleaving into the sea. |
| Giant Antarctic ice shelf breaks into the sea (Claire Truscott and agencies, guardian.co.uk, March 26 2008) |
今年二月二十八日,一座長四十一公里、寬二點四公里的冰山從威爾金斯冰棚的西南側分離,造成冰棚有一大塊崩裂。
科學家說,這次斷裂導致冰棚內部崩解,至今消失面積已達四百一十四平方公里。
威爾金斯冰棚是一座廣闊的永久漂流冰原,在南美洲以南約一千六百零九公里,位於南極半島西南部。科學家表示,因近來的流失,目前一萬二千九百五十平方公里的冰棚,其中一大部分由介於兩島之間一段長五點六公里的狹窄冰廊支撐。
國家冰雪資料中心的首席科學家坎姆波斯發表一篇聲明說:「若再多融一些,這個最後的冰墩可能倒塌,我們就可能在未來幾年失去相當於半個冰棚的面積。」
英國南極觀測站的豐恩附和坎姆波斯的說法:「到目前為止,威爾金斯冰棚是南極州西部面臨威脅的最大冰棚。它岌岌可危。」這次崩裂的資訊是由這個觀測站提供。
過去半世紀,地表溫度升高最急劇的地方,就在南極半島西部,每十年增加攝氏零點五度。
坎姆波斯是第一位發現這次冰棚崩解的專家,他表示:「我們相信威爾金斯冰棚在這個位置至少已經數百年之久,但暖空氣及跟海潮的接觸引發了崩解。」隨著南極的夏天接近尾聲,科學家預料,未來數個月內,冰棚不會進一步崩解。
坎姆波斯說:「這個季節的不尋常現象結束了。但自明年一月,我們將觀察威爾金斯冰棚是否持續崩解。」
過去五十年,南極已有一萬三千平方里的冰棚崩解,而這樣的崩解可能使全世界的海平面明顯升高。
一九九五年,長七十五公里、寬三十五公里的拉森A冰棚崩解,碎裂成多座冰山散佈在威得爾海上。
二零零二年三月,美國航空暨太空總署一枚衛星捕捉到拉森B冰棚崩解的畫面。它的表面積為三千八百五十平方公里,高兩百公尺,是一整個重達七千兩百億公噸的冰塊,但它在三十天之內解體。
根據目前部分以海平面每年上升三公釐為基準的統計數據,海平面到本世紀末可能上升達一點四公尺。
南極威爾金冰架崩解
2008/03/26, 中央通訊社
http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080326/5/w4rg.html

國內首次應美國國家冰雪資料中心請求,三月八日以福衛二號清楚拍下南極威爾金冰架崩解。
圖中的冰架從左下方往右上方崩解,破碎的長條形即是崩解的冰架,藍色部位是深層冰塊接觸大氣的反射,黑色是衛星未拍到的部位。(圖:成功大學提供)中央社記者張榮祥台南市傳真 九十七年三月二十六日
南極冰原融 414平方里瞬間消失
2008/03/26, TVBS
http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080326/8/w5bc.html
全球暖化造成的影響,似乎越來越嚴重,英國在南極的研究中心,發表最新的南極冰原研究顯示,今年的2月底,南極有一處冰棚從內部崩裂,造成了414平方公里的冰原,因此消失。
根據科學家的研究指出,在今年2月28日,一座長411公里、寬2.4公里的冰山,從威爾金斯冰棚的西南側分離,造成一大塊冰棚崩裂;這塊冰棚的面積廣達414平方公里,也因為它的流失,目前南極冰棚有一大部分,只由一段長5.6公里的席窄冰廊來支撐。
英國的科學家指出,如果冰原再多融化一些,這個最後的冰墩可能會因此倒塌,未來幾年,人類就將失去幾乎半個冰棚,也將會對地球的氣候,帶來戲劇性的改變。
全球首例 福衛二號高解析拍南極冰架崩解
2008/03/26, 中央社記者張榮祥台南市二十六日電
http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080326/5/w4nc.html
全球暖化,南極冰架崩解,國內首次應美國國家冰雪資料中心請求,今年三月八日利用福爾摩沙二號衛星,清楚地拍下南極威爾金冰架崩解的狀態,面積大過兩個台北市,這也是全球第一次用高解析度影象觀察南極冰架崩解。
南極半島西側是全球暖化最嚴重的區域,以平均每十年零點五度C上升,造成許多冰架崩解,美國國家冰雪資料中心 (National Snow and Ice Data Center;NSIDC)向國內請求支援,由國立成功大學副教授劉正千和國家太空中心合作,以福衛二號清楚地拍下威爾金冰架崩解。
劉正千指出,位於南極半島西南邊的威爾金冰架(Wilkins Ice Shelf),距離南美洲大陸南端僅一千六百公里,今年二月二十八日突然發生大規模崩解現象,福衛二號三月八日以地面二公尺解析度拍攝後發現,面積達一萬三千八百平方公里的威爾金冰架,崩解面積大於兩個台北市,現今僅靠一道窄約六公里的冰塊保護。
威爾金冰架只是三十年來南極一連串崩解的冰架之一,其中,以2002年三十天內就消失的拉森B冰架最出名,其他崩解的冰架,包括高茲塔王子道 (The PrinceGustav Channel)、拉森口 (Larsen Inlet)、拉森A、伍迪 (Wordie)、穆勒 (Muller)及瓊斯 (Jones)冰架。
英國南極調查所 (British Antarctic Survey;BAS)在福衛二號拍攝後,也安排一次飛越威爾金冰架崩解區域的任務,且再拍攝影片,最後由成大、美國NSIDC、英國BAS共同公布這個發現。
成大表示,福衛二號精彩的拍攝,連美國太空總署(NASA)都來要相片。
Giant Antarctic ice shelf breaks into the sea
guardian.co.uk, March 26 2008
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/mar/26/poles.antarctica
A vast hunk of floating ice has broken away from the Antarctic peninsula, threatening the collapse of a much larger ice shelf behind it, in a development that has shocked climate scientists.
Satellite images show that about 160 square miles of the Wilkins ice shelf has been lost since the end of February, leaving the ice interior now "hanging by a thread".
The collapsing shelf suggests that climate change could be forcing change much more quickly than scientists had predicted.
"The ice shelf is hanging by a thread," said Professor David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey (BAS). "We'll know in the next few days or weeks what its fate will be."
The Wilkins shelf covers an area of 5,600 square miles (14,500 sq km). It is now protected by just a thin thread of ice between two islands.
Vaughan was a member of the team that predicted in 1993 that global warming could cause the Wilkins shelf to collapse within 30 years.
The shedding of peripheral floating ice shelves has occurred elsewhere on the peninsula, allowing inland ice to move towards the sea and cause rising sea levels.
Some areas of the frozen continent have been cooler in recent years, and have added ice through accumulated snowfall. This year, the thin floating layer of sea ice that forms each austral winter and fades in summer has in fact been larger than usual, in contrast to the Arctic.
But in other parts — such as the West Antarctic ice sheet — ice is being lost to the sea.

The darker area shows the chunk that has broken away. Picture: Nasa Climate
scientists around Antarctica were taken by surprise by the new find. "Wilkins is the largest ice shelf on the Antarctic peninsula yet to be threatened," Vaughan said.
"I didn't expect to see things happen this quickly. We predicted it would happen, but it's happened twice as fast as we predicted."
The retreat of the shelf was first spotted from satellite data by Ted Scambos, a glaciologist at the University of Colorado.
He alerted the BAS, which sent an aircraft to assess the extent of the damage.
Jim Elliott, who filmed part of the breakup, said: "It was awesome. We flew along the main crack and observed the sheer scale of movement from the breakage. Big chunks of ice, the size of small houses, look as though they've been thrown around like rubble — it's like an explosion."
The Antarctic peninsula, which stretches north from the frozen continent towards South America, has experienced unprecedented warming over the past 50 years.
Six other ice shelves have already been lost entirely — the Prince Gustav Channel, Larsen Inlet, Larsen B, Wordie, Muller and Jones shelves.
But the Wilkins shelf is farther south than other ice that has retreated, so should be better protected by colder temperatures.
Vaughan said: "It's bigger than any ice shelf we've seen retreating before, and in the long term it could be a taste of other things to come. It is another indication of the impact that climate change is having on the region."
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